Phase-Out of 121.5/243 MHz EPIRBs
Satellite processing of the older locator beacons ends in 2009
Nov 29, 2006
We discussed Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons or EPIRBs in the article Eliminate the Search in SAR. Current EPIRBs operate in the 406 MHz radio frequency band and offer superior performance when compared to older equipment using the 121.5/243 Mhz frequencies.
There are still many 121.5/243 MHz beacons in use. Boaters with this equipment need to consider its replacement with a current version before the beginning of 2009. Cospas-Sarsat, the international organization responsible for detecting and locating beacon signals announced they would cease satellite processing of the older beacon signals after the 2009 deadline.
Cospas-Sarsat is providing an early notice of this change in the hope that there will be sufficient time for users to migrate to the newer 406 MHz EPIRBs. Users of 121.5/243 MHz EPIRBs should replace their equipment when their beacon batteries expire. Batteries normally last five years and the cost of a new battery could go a long ways towards the purchase price of a new 406 MHz ERIRB.
Why is the switch needed?
A number of developments have lead to this decision. They include:
- The International Maritime Organization (IMO) recognizes the superior operational capabilities of 406 MHz beacons and has mandated a transition to the newer equipment.
- 406 MHz EPIRBs transmit a digital signal that allows the position of a stricken vessel or person in the water to be relayed to rescuers more quickly, and with better accuracy.
- The newer equipment transmits unique identification information on the owner or vessel the beacon is registered to with NOAA.
- Very few signals received from 121.5/243 MHz beacons turn out to be real emergencies. The older equipment is prone to accidental triggering and other failures.
Equipment in use that will be impacted by these new procedures include EPIRBs, aviation related Emergency Locater Transmitters (ELTs), and Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs)
